Apple growers in the Midwest who stuck by the “old ways” of applying fungicides have not faced the problem of apple scab becoming resistant to fungicides. The old ways employed protectant fungicides like captan and ­mancozeb; the new ways used curative chemistries. Now what should growers do? Dr. Janna Beckerman, a plant pathologist at Purdue University, Indiana, and Dr. George Sundin at Michigan State University are working on a peer-reviewed paper more fully exploring the topic. “In Indiana and Michigan, growers have relied on systemic fungicides that provided kickback and gave them some wiggle room as to when to spray. […]